Bureaucratic organization definition Research Paper

Bureaucratic organization definition - Research Paper Example Bureaucratic organization is therefore highly systematic because it ensures remarkable level of control by initiating hierarchy of authority and power maintained by appropriate rules and regulations. Based on the above definition, the key in bureaucratic organization is the presence of hierarchy which substantially helps individual or member draw the line between power or authority and control. For this reason, a bureaucratic organization could turn out as a highly formalized system with the inclusion of substantial rules and control. According to Weber, the characteristics of bureaucratic organization include the presence of division of labor, rules, hierarchy of authority, impersonality and competence (Lunenburg & Ornstein, 2007, p.42). This means that in bureaucratic organizations, positions have clearly defined objectives and ordered in hierarchy, there are corresponding rules and precedents, there must impersonality and impartiality, a career ladder is present, and there must be standard norm of efficiency (Kornblum, 2011, p.144). However, even though bureaucratic organization is organized this way, it still consists of network of contracts that interplay, that at some point collusion may be significantly observed (Tirole, 1986). This view is substantially contradictory to what is set as bureaucratic organization where high level of control is remarkable. If this would be the case, then even there would be division of labor and even social networks, the hierarchy must still prevail and in essence, rules must suppose to always prevail.

Critiquing nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Critiquing nursing research - Essay Example In order to answer the above question the background questions were created, for example what is stress incontinence? Stress incontinence can be defined as involuntary urine loss due to sudden extra pressure, produced by activities such as sneezing, laughing, jumping or coughing. Therefore pelvic floor muscles and urethra cannot withstand the extra pressure BMJ (2009). What is the prevalence of stress incontinence? Its estimated around one in three women get SUI at some point in their lives. It can happen at any age, although its more common in women between the ages of 35 and 60 says Foldspang et al ( 1992 ) . What causes USI? Most cases of stress incontinence are due to weakened pelvic floor muscles. The common reason for the pelvic floor muscles to become weakened is childbirth, pregnancy, being overweight, hysterectomy, smoking, and menopause. Some medication can affect the pelvic floor. Examples are alpha-blockers used to treat high blood pressure, some antidepressants and sedat ives, and some muscle-relaxant drugs as quoted by BBC (2009) Another background question to conceder would be What are the current treatment available? According to BBC ( 2009) the wide range of treatments available include pelvic floor exercises, which helps to strengthened muscles by doing exercises, which prevents involuntary leakage and vaginal cones . These are small plastic cones that are put inside vagina. The cones come in a set of different weights. At first, the lightest cone has to be used. Patient has to use pelvic floor muscles to hold the cone in place. In that way patients exercise the pelvic floor muscles. Electrical stimulations include a special electrical device, which is used to stimulate the pelvic floor muscles with the aim of making them contract and become stronger. In surgery various surgical operations are used to treat stress incontinence. The operations aim to tighten or support